{"id":1011266,"date":"2020-10-25T19:19:01","date_gmt":"2020-10-25T16:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/darkamazi.site\/?p=1011266"},"modified":"2020-10-25T19:19:01","modified_gmt":"2020-10-25T16:19:01","slug":"ozel-dosya-2-bolum-iran-pkk-iliskisinde-ikinci-asama-stratejik-ortakliga-dogru-1990-2000-yillari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/darkamazi.site\/archives\/1011266","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6zel Dosya 2.B\u00f6l\u00fcm \u0130ran-PKK ili\u015fkisinde ikinci a\u015fama: Stratejik ortakl\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru (1990-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131)"},"content":{"rendered":"

PKK-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin d\u00fcn\u00fc ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc konu olan yaz\u0131 diziminiz ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde PKK ve \u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin stratejik boyuna evrilmesini ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerinin nedenlerini ele al\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olma kaderini yenecek mi?<\/span><\/h3>\n

1990\u2019larda d\u00fcnya siyasal sisteminde ciddi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7acak geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile d\u00fcnya \u00e7ift kutuplu siyasal sistemi sona erdi. D\u00fcnyada yeni d\u00fc\u015fmanlar ve yeni ittifaklar d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flad\u0131. Ortado\u011fu bu yeni d\u00f6nemden h\u0131zla pay\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Olaylar\u0131n merkezinde Irak vard\u0131. Bu durum elbette ki K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in de olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemliydi. K\u00fcrtler 1920\u2019ler sonras\u0131 yap\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok anla\u015fma ile Ortado\u011fu\u2019da yok say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve isimsiz bir s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olmaya mahkum edilmi\u015fti. Elbette K\u00fcrtler hi\u00e7 durmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bir\u00e7ok yerde pe\u015fmerge vb. silahl\u0131 hareketler isyanlar \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015fti ama bunlar uluslararas\u0131 me\u015fruiyeti sa\u011flamaya yetmemi\u015fti. G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan \u015fehirleri Saddam\u2019\u0131n Kuveyt sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 sonras\u0131 36\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 Paralelin ad\u0131 ile korunma alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131.\u00a0 Bu durum 1. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra anla\u015fmalarla b\u00f6l\u00fcnen ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczlemde hi\u00e7bir me\u015fruiyeti bulunmayan K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 ola bilirdi.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya siyasal sisteminde \u201chakl\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fil uluslararas\u0131 me\u015fruiyet bir g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr\u201d. 36\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 paralel K\u00fcrtlerin me\u015fruiyet kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u015fanst\u0131. 1. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fan devletleraras\u0131 dengelerde bir delik a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Normal ko\u015fulda olmas\u0131 gereken \u015fey \u015fuydu: t\u00fcm K\u00fcrtlerin K\u00fcrt inkar sisteminde bir gedik a\u00e7an G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da ki yap\u0131lanman\u0131n etraf\u0131nda toplanmas\u0131 ve o gedi\u011fi daha da b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcp 40 milyon K\u00fcrd\u00fcn i\u00e7ine girecek kadar geni\u015fletmesiydi. Ama b\u00f6yle olmad\u0131. G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da ki olu\u015fumun daha ba\u015f\u0131nda PKK bu olu\u015fumu gerici buldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131 ve kabul etmeyece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kim k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131?<\/span><\/p>\n

1992 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 2000\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar olan s\u00fcre\u00e7te K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131 pek \u00e7ok \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fand\u0131. \u00a0Bu s\u00fcrece ili\u015fkin genel bilgiler \u015funu s\u00f6yler; T\u00fcrkiye Devleti K\u00fcrtler aras\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131, PKK\u2019ye sald\u0131rd\u0131, PKK kendini savunmak i\u00e7in G\u00fcneye kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131. Olay\u0131 ele alan herkesin temel tezi PKK \u2013 T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerine kuruludur.<\/p>\n

Bizim tezimiz ise olay\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen y\u00f6netmeninin \u0130ran oldu\u011fudur. Evet, K\u00fcrtlerin 1990-2000 aras\u0131 i\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan ve y\u00f6nlendiren temel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0130ran gelir. \u0130ran\u2019a kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerde e\u011fer bir kaos veya ola\u011fan \u00fcst\u00fc bir durum varsa i\u015fin arka plan\u0131nda \u0130ran vard\u0131r. Bu tespit G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha fazla ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

90 y\u0131llarda K\u00fcrtlerin stat\u00fc sorununun g\u00fcndemle\u015fmesi ve bu g\u00fcndemin G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan olmas\u0131 hem T\u00fcrkiye hem \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcneye d\u00f6n\u00fck planlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131. Her iki tarafta ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engellemeye d\u00f6n\u00fck bir program olu\u015fturdular. K\u00fcrt kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden belli ortakl\u0131klar olu\u015fturdular. Fakat \u0130ran ve T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki tarihsel rekabet konusu her \u015feyde oldu\u011fu gibi K\u00fcrt meselesine de yans\u0131r. \u0130kisi de K\u00fcrtleri kontrol etmek ister. Fakat \u0130ran K\u00fcrt kart\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 kullanma konusunda \u00e7ok daha tecr\u00fcbeli ve esnektir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran tarihsel oldu\u011fu kadar yak\u0131n ve g\u00fcncel siyasal tarihinde de devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lerle ili\u015fkilenme ve onlar\u0131 kontrol edip y\u00f6nlendirme konusunda \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zellikle 1990\u2019lar sonras\u0131 hem Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda hem de K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7inde de ayn\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7ine PKK\u2019yi T\u00fcrkiye ile rekabetin de kullanma konusunda da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 davrand\u0131. Ve \u0130ran bir tarihsel y\u00f6ntem olarak ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve milli \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in K\u00fcrt meselesini kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutmak i\u00e7inde \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Bunun i\u00e7inde PKK ile ili\u015fkisinde \u00fc\u00e7 temel \u015fart ko\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. PKK T\u00fcrk devleti ile sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcreklile\u015ftirmeli<\/li>\n
  2. PKK, G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki mevzilenmesini \u0130ran\u2019la ortak belirlemeli ve \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi koruma g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak hareket etmeli. S\u0131n\u0131ra do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistanl\u0131 K\u00fcrt \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin yerle\u015fmesine engel olmal\u0131.<\/li>\n
  3. PKK Do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da ki K\u00fcrtlere d\u00f6n\u00fck hi\u00e7bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapmamal\u0131, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 almamal\u0131, Do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistanl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerle ili\u015fkilenmemeli.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fart iran\u2019\u0131n Do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan- iran hatt\u0131ndaki \u015fartlarda. Birde di\u011fer par\u00e7lara i\u00e7in verilen g\u00f6revler vard\u0131. Bu g\u00f6revlerden bir di\u011feri ise \u00a0G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da \u0130ran ad\u0131na etkinlik kurmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan NATO ve BM\u2019nin bir etkinlik alan\u0131 olarak korunuyor. NATO g\u00fc\u00e7leri T\u00fcrkiye olan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda da \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 \u00e7evreliyordu. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlikeliyi bertaraf etmek i\u00e7in \u0130ran kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 boyunca PKK g\u00fc\u00e7lerini yerle\u015fmesine izin verdi.<\/p>\n

    \u0130ran PKK\u2019nin kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na yerle\u015fmesine izin verir<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bunlardan biride A\u011fr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evresinde gerilla hareketlili\u011finin arka cephesi olan Dambat hatt\u0131d\u0131r. Bir di\u011feri ise Esendere- \u015eemzinan hatt\u0131na m\u00fcdahale i\u00e7in verilen \u015eehidan alan\u0131d\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer b\u00f6lge ise Hakk\u00e2ri Van aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgenin geri cephesi olarak kullan\u0131lan Kela Re\u015f hatt\u0131d\u0131r. PKK bu b\u00f6lgelerde kuzeye lojistik temini, gerilla sevkiyat\u0131 vb. g\u00f6revler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Fakat art\u0131k \u0130ran PKK\u2019nin G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan y\u00f6netimi ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fa bilecek potansiyele sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. PKK\u2019nin G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a hem askeri hem siyasi a\u00e7\u0131dan yerle\u015fmesini destekler. Bunun i\u00e7in ilk yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feylerden biri de kendisine yak\u0131n olan YNK i\u00e7indeki belli kanatlarla PKK\u2019yi ili\u015fkilendirmek. B\u00f6ylelikle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam eden YNK ve PKK ili\u015fkisi h\u0131zla in\u015fa edilir. Bu in\u015fay\u0131 yapan g\u00fc\u00e7 ise \u0130ran\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    YNK bu i\u015ften pek \u00e7ok y\u00f6n\u00fc ile \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. G\u00fcneyde KDP\u2019den daha fazla b\u00f6lge almak, uluslararas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r kap\u0131lar\u0131 ve daha stratejik noktalar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmek temel hedefidir. Di\u011fer bir husus ise YNK\u2019nin sava\u015fmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hem \u0130ran\u2019dan hem de PKK\u2019den ekonomik destek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. YNK G\u00fcneyde i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok sert devam etti\u011fi 1997-1998 y\u0131llar\u0131nda PKK\u2019den ekonomik yard\u0131m al\u0131r. YNK pe\u015fmergelerinin maa\u015flar\u0131 uzun zaman PKK taraf\u0131ndan verilir. Erzak ve lojistik ihtiya\u00e7lar ise \u0130ran taraf\u0131nd\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u0130ran ise YNK\u2019den \u00e7ok daha stratejik ama\u00e7lara sahiptir. \u0130deolojik ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 bilme konusunda daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ve etkili olan KDP\u2019yi ve KDP ile ili\u015fkiler \u00fczerinden G\u00fcneyde g\u00fc\u00e7 bulunduracak Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar. \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u015eii hilal projesi daha o zamanlar yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ran Suriye ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019a kadar uzanacak bir \u015eii ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk projesi i\u00e7in G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u0131 bypass etmesi gerekti\u011fini iyi bilir. Bunun i\u00e7in ama\u00e7 G\u00fcneydeki y\u00f6netim dengesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek ve YNK- PKK \u00e7izgisini G\u00fcney y\u00f6netimine hakim k\u0131lmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u0130ran bu ama\u00e7la \u00f6zellikle Soran K\u00fcrtlerin hakim oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelere YNK-PKK ittifak\u0131n\u0131n etkili olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba harcar. Sonu\u00e7 1997 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n kanl\u0131 olaylar\u0131d\u0131r. PKK \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na yak\u0131n kasabalar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irir. \u00c7oman ve Sideka \u015fehirlerini al\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu arada \u0130ran\u2019da Kela\u015fin hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinden s\u00fcrekli cephane gelir PKK\u2019ye. Y\u00f6netimler \u0130ran topraklar\u0131nda ki Dola Ay\u015fe, Berda Naze gibi alanlarda sava\u015f\u0131 koordine ederler. Ama\u00e7 KDP\u2019yi Duhok\u2019ta ku\u015fatmakt\u0131r. Elbette ki bu etkiye tepki gecikmez. Bu durum 1997 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Kas\u0131m ay\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrer. Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda T\u00fcrk ordusu da G\u00fcneye girer. PKK ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirleri enkaz gibi arkas\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131r. Tekrar da\u011fl\u0131k alana geri d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n

    Bu s\u00fcrecin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Sava\u015f PKK-KDP sava\u015f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu d\u00f6nemki sava\u015f \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u0131 kendi arka bah\u00e7esi yapmak i\u00e7in sava\u015f oyunu oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemdir. G\u00fcney \u00fczerinde geli\u015fen \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n bu oyunlar\u0131 NATO\u2019nun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da askeri \u00fcsler kurmas\u0131na izin vermesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani bu g\u00fcn G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da bulunan \u00fcstler PKK\u2019nin s\u0131k\u00e7a propagandas\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi G\u00fcney Y\u00f6netiminin izni ile kurulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n arka bah\u00e7esi olmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek isteyen NATO\u2019nun onay\u0131 ile kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

    Her ne kadar ileriki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde i\u015fleyecek olsak ta burada bir parantez a\u00e7arak YNK-PKK-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerine dair birka\u00e7 s\u00f6z s\u00f6ylemek yerinde olacak. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu ittifak i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz y\u0131llarda g\u00fcncellenerek devam ediyor. G\u00fcney\u2019in i\u00e7 istikrar\u0131n\u0131 kurmas\u0131n\u0131 engel olan temel g\u00fc\u00e7lerden biri olan \u0130ran bu konuda her zaman YNK ve PKK\u2019yi bir araya getirmeye gerek duymu\u015ftur. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kerk\u00fck\u2019\u00fcn b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 da dahil pek \u00e7ok konuda bu olaylar\u0131n devam\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Yar\u0131n: 3. B\u00f6l\u00fcm’de s\u0131n\u0131r hatlar\u0131n\u0131, uyu\u015fturucu ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131r \u00fczerindeki di\u011fer K\u00fcrt partilerinin nas\u0131l imha edildi\u011fi ele al\u0131ncak<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    PKK-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin d\u00fcn\u00fc ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc konu olan yaz\u0131 diziminiz ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde PKK ve \u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin stratejik boyuna evrilmesini ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerinin nedenlerini ele al\u0131yoruz. K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olma kaderini yenecek mi? 1990\u2019larda d\u00fcnya siyasal sisteminde ciddi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7acak geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile d\u00fcnya \u00e7ift kutuplu siyasal sistemi sona erdi. D\u00fcnyada yeni d\u00fc\u015fmanlar ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1011267,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1011266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozel-dosya"],"blocksy_meta":[],"seo_head":"\n\u00d6zel Dosya 2.B\u00f6l\u00fcm \u0130ran-PKK ili\u015fkisinde ikinci a\u015fama: Stratejik ortakl\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru (1990-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131) - Darka Mazi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/darkamazi.site\/archives\/1011266\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00d6zel Dosya 2.B\u00f6l\u00fcm \u0130ran-PKK ili\u015fkisinde ikinci a\u015fama: Stratejik ortakl\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru (1990-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131) - Darka Mazi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"PKK-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin d\u00fcn\u00fc ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc konu olan yaz\u0131 diziminiz ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde PKK ve \u0130ran ili\u015fkilerinin stratejik boyuna evrilmesini ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ili\u015fkilerinin nedenlerini ele al\u0131yoruz. K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olma kaderini yenecek mi? 1990\u2019larda d\u00fcnya siyasal sisteminde ciddi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7acak geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile d\u00fcnya \u00e7ift kutuplu siyasal sistemi sona erdi. 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K\u00fcrtler s\u00f6m\u00fcrge olma kaderini yenecek mi? 1990\u2019larda d\u00fcnya siyasal sisteminde ciddi de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7acak geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fand\u0131. SSCB\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile d\u00fcnya \u00e7ift kutuplu siyasal sistemi sona erdi. 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