\u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fcz K\u00fcrt lider\u00a0Mela Mistefa Barzani,\u00a0do\u011fumunun 118\u2019inci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde an\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan halk\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine liderlik yapan Mela Mistefa Barzani, ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca K\u00fcrtlerin milli haklar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmesi i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti.<\/p>\n
14 Mart 1903 tarihinde Barzan\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelen K\u00fcrt lider, hayat\u0131 boyunca g\u00fc\u00e7 ve destek sahibi K\u00fcrdistan s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ederken, ard\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fccadele miras\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00eax Muhammed Barzani\u2019nin 5\u2019inci ve son \u00e7ocu\u011fu olan Mela Mistefa Barzani, hen\u00fcz 1 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken babas\u0131 \u015e\u00eax Muhammed ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirir ve ailenin y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revini a\u011fabeyi \u015e\u00eax Abdulselam Barzani \u00fcstlenir.<\/p>\n
Barzani, 3 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Osmanl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leri Barzan\u2019\u0131 muhasara alt\u0131na al\u0131r. A\u011fabeyi \u015e\u00eax Abdulselam ve annesiyle yakalan\u0131p Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilir ve hapse at\u0131l\u0131r. 9 ayl\u0131k zindan hayat\u0131ndan sonra b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda 12 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken, a\u011fabeyi Abdulselam, g\u00f6zleri \u00f6n\u00fcnde idam edilir.<\/p>\n
1919 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki \u0130ngiliz i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 S\u00fcleymaniye\u2019de isyana ba\u015flatan\u00a0\u015e\u00eax Mahmud Hafid\u2019in (Berzenci) saf\u0131nda 300 yolda\u015f\u0131 ile saf tutar.<\/p>\n
1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u011fabeyi \u015e\u00eax Ahmed Barzani, Mele Mustafa\u2019y\u0131 temsilcisi olarak Kuzey K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a g\u00f6nderir ve\u00a0\u015e\u00eax Said\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp, hareketiyle koordinasyon kurmas\u0131n\u0131 ister.<\/p>\n
1931-32 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Barzan, M\u00eargesor ve \u015e\u00earwan b\u00f6lgelerinde \u0130ngilizlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fan Pe\u015fmergelere komutanl\u0131k yapan Mele Mustafa Barzani\u2019nin askeri dehas\u0131 fark edilir.<\/p>\n
1932 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, \u0130ngilizlerin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u015e\u00eax Ahmed Barzani\u2019yi yakalad\u0131ktan sonra Mela Mistefa Barzani, K\u00fcrt kurtulu\u015f hareketinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti,\u00a0Pe\u015fmergeler\u00a0ve Barzani ailesi i\u00e7in af kanunu \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131nca 1936 ile 1943 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, Pe\u015fmerge g\u00fc\u00e7leri Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 herhangi bir kalk\u0131\u015fma ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmezken 1943\u2019ten sonra Mele Mustafa liderli\u011findeki Pe\u015fmerge G\u00fc\u00e7leri Irak\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 tekrar silahl\u0131 kalk\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetine kar\u015f\u0131 askeri darbenin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde Mele Mustafa Barzani \u015fartlardan istifade edip ata topraklar\u0131na, Barzan b\u00f6lgesine geri gelir ve zay\u0131f d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle var olan b\u00fct\u00fcn ili\u015fkilerini dondurup h\u00fck\u00fcmetin Pe\u015fmerge\u2019nin sava\u015f\u0131 durdurmas\u0131 dahil t\u00fcm isteklerini reddeder.<\/p>\n
Mahabad\u2019a ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/p>\n
2500 ki\u015filik bir Pe\u015fmerge g\u00fcc\u00fc toplayabilme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren Mustafa Barzani\u2019nin bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in toparlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 18 ay sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck bir askeri g\u00fc\u00e7 ile Barzan b\u00f6lgesine tekrar harekat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Irak ordusuna kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadele veren Mustafa Barzani komutas\u0131ndaki Pe\u015fmergeler Kuzey K\u00fcrdistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki Kani Re\u015f\u00ea\u2019ye \u00e7ekilmek zorunda kal\u0131r. Daha sonra Mustafa Barzani komutas\u0131ndaki Pe\u015fmergelerle birlikte Do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a, K\u00fcrdistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ilan edilme haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mahabad kentine ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Mela Mistefa Barzani, Mahabad\u2019da K\u00fcrdistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin ilan edildi\u011fi 22 Kas\u0131m 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda P\u00ea\u015fewa Qazi Mihemed\u2019in yan\u0131nda ordu generali olarak saf tutar.<\/p>\n
PDK\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Qaz\u00ee Mihemed\u2019in idam edilmesi \u00fczerine G\u00fcney K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a d\u00f6nen Mela Mustafa Barzani, burada K\u00fcrdistan Demokrat Partisi\u2019ni (PDK) kurar ve Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmetine bir heyet g\u00f6nderir. Heyetin kur\u015funa dizilmesi \u00fczerine 500 Pe\u015fmergesiyle birlikte 27 May\u0131s 1947\u2032de Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019ne (SSCB) do\u011fru uzun bir y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fe ba\u015flar ve 15 Haziran 1947\u2032de SSCB\u2019ye ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mele Mustafa, Pe\u015fmergeleriyle birlikte d\u00f6nemin Sovyetler Birli\u011fi devletine ge\u00e7erken yolda \u0130ran g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin t\u00fcrl\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadele sergileyen Pe\u015fmergeler, zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda Sovyetlere var\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nde K\u00fcrt haklar\u0131yla ilgili baz\u0131 faaliyetler y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr ve Kremlin Saray\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7l\u0131k greviyle Sovyet y\u00f6netimine sesini duyurur. Moskova Dil Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6ren Barzani, 1958\u2032de Irak\u2019ta Abd\u00fclkerim Kas\u0131m\u2019\u0131n darbe yapmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Ba\u011fdat\u2019a d\u00f6ner ve havaliman\u0131nda kalabal\u0131k halk kitleleri taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.\u00a0G\u00fcney\u00a0K\u00fcrdistan\u2019a\u00a0d\u00f6nen Mele Mustafa, burada yasal olarak tan\u0131nan PDK\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmetin K\u00fcrt haklar\u0131yla ilgili oyalay\u0131c\u0131 tavr\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrmesi \u00fczerine Barzani, 11 Eyl\u00fcl 1961\u2032de K\u00fcrdistan tarihine \u2018Eyl\u00fcl Devrimi\u2019 olarak ge\u00e7en yeni bir devrime \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck eder. Musul ve Kerk\u00fck dahil bir\u00e7ok K\u00fcrt \u015fehrini kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesi ilan eder.<\/p>\n
1966\u2032da Irak yetkilileriyle ba\u015flayan m\u00fczakereler sonucu 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile K\u00fcrt halk\u0131 ad\u0131na PDK Ba\u015fkan\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131yla Otonomi Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 imzalar. Ancak Ba\u011fdat h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, h\u00fck\u00fcmete 5 K\u00fcrt bakan almak d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, K\u00fcrtlere \u00f6zerk y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yan bu anla\u015fman\u0131n hi\u00e7bir maddesine uymaz.<\/p>\n
\u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fcz lidere suikast plan\u0131<\/p>\n
29 Eyl\u00fcl 1971 tarihinde Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Barzani\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik bir suikast d\u00fczenlemek ister ancak ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamaz.<\/p>\n
Barzani\u2019ye \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in \u015f\u00f6yle bir plan yap\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n
10 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan bir imamlar heyeti, Irak ordusu ile Pe\u015fmerge g\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131ndaki sava\u015f\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla arabuluculuk yapmak \u00fczere Mele Mustafa Barzani\u2019nin yan\u0131na gider. \u0130mam heyetini ta\u015f\u0131yan ara\u00e7 16.45\u2019te Haci Omeran\u2019e var\u0131r. \u0130mamlardan birinde i\u00e7inde bomba d\u00fczene\u011fi bulunan bir ses kay\u0131t cihaz bulunur. S\u00f6z konusu imam, Irak Genel G\u00fcvenlik Sorumlusu Naz\u0131m Gizar\u2019dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 talimat do\u011frultusunda Mela Mustafa konu\u015ftu\u011funda cihaz\u0131 patlatmakla g\u00f6revlendirilir. Ancak bomba d\u00fczene\u011finin patlamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Mustafa Barzani patlamadan yara almadan kurtulur.<\/p>\n
Mart 1974\u2032te K\u00fcrtlere tan\u0131nan \u00f6zerkli\u011fin Barzani ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmeden belirlenmek istenmesi \u00fczerine Barzani, K\u00fcrt bakanlar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetten \u00e7eker ve 12 Mart 1974\u2032te tekrar direni\u015fe ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
1975\u2032e kadar K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle s\u00fcren direni\u015f, \u0130ran \u015eah\u0131 Muhammed R\u0131za Pehlevi\u2019nin Irak\u2019tan baz\u0131 \u00f6d\u00fcnler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Barzani ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ittifak s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini ihlal etmesi ve yard\u0131m\u0131 kesmesi \u00fczerine tam tersine d\u00f6ner ve Barzani\u2019nin t\u00fcm giri\u015fimleri sonu\u00e7suz kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrt taraf\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131plar vermesi \u00fczerine rahats\u0131zlanan Barzani, \u00f6nce \u0130ran\u2019a ard\u0131ndan da 1976\u2032da tedavi amac\u0131yla Amerika\u2019ya gider. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen burada da m\u00fccadelesine devam eden Barzani, ABD\u2019den talep etti\u011fi deste\u011fi bulamaz ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ara verir.<\/p>\n
1 Mart 1979\u2032da Washington\u2019daki George Town Hastanesi\u2019nde hayata g\u00f6zlerini yuman Mele Mustafa Barzani\u2019nin cenazesi Tahran\u2019a, buradan de helikopterle Do\u011fu K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n \u015eino kentine getirilir ve burada defnedilir.<\/p>\n
1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u00fcrdistan halk\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck direni\u015finin ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda, efsanevi K\u00fcrt liderin naa\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu \u0130dris Barzani\u2019nin naa\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte Barzan b\u00f6lgesine getirilir.<\/p>\n
Efsanevi K\u00fcrt lider Mela Mistefa Barzani, her y\u0131l do\u011fum ve vefat g\u00fcnlerinde K\u00fcrdistan’da mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda an\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fcz K\u00fcrt lider\u00a0Mela Mistefa Barzani,\u00a0do\u011fumunun 118\u2019inci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde an\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00fcrdistan halk\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine liderlik yapan Mela Mistefa Barzani, ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca K\u00fcrtlerin milli haklar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmesi i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti. 14 Mart 1903 tarihinde Barzan\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelen K\u00fcrt lider, hayat\u0131 boyunca g\u00fc\u00e7 ve destek sahibi K\u00fcrdistan s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ederken, ard\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fccadele miras\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131. \u015e\u00eax […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1013520,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-1013519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kurdistan","tag-onemli"],"blocksy_meta":[],"seo_head":"\n