Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde her y\u0131l olddu\u011fu gibi Ermeni ve K\u00fcrt ili\u015fkileri dekonusu oldu.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda K\u00fcrtlerin i\u00e7indende bir ses K\u00fcrtleri katliam\u0131n sorumlusu gibi g\u00f6stermek e\u011filiminde. Elbette buna yan\u0131t veren K\u00fcrtler de var. K\u00fcrtlerin Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc nedir, ne de\u011fildir, K\u00fcrtleri su\u00e7layan iddialar ne kadar do\u011fru meselesine yan\u0131t veren K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan biri de Sedat Ulugana. Sedat Uluguna ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u00a0 Duvar Gazetesine konuk yazar bir olarak geni\u015f bir metin haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Efendinin su\u00e7unu \u00fcslenmek: K\u00fcrtler ve Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131y\u0131 ta\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6neminden dolay\u0131 yay\u0131nl\u0131yoruz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da orjinal linke ula\u015fa bilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
\u201cSoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d, fizik\u00ee yok olu\u015fu \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi ruhsal yitimi de ifade eder. 1915 Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, her iki \u00f6zelli\u011fi de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde ihtiva eder. Bununla birlikte Ermeniler \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen her iki yok edi\u015fe ra\u011fmen \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d ifadesi, g\u00f6rece yeni say\u0131l\u0131r. Ermeniler \u00f6zelinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen olaylar, 1800\u2019lerin ortalar\u0131nda \u201cter\u00f6r\u201d, y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna do\u011fru \u201ckatliam\u201d ve Yahudi Holokostu s\u00fcrecinden sonra \u201cjenosid\u201d, yani \u201csoy\u201dun kendisini bitirmeye d\u00f6n\u00fck siyasal bir proje olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131. Ku\u015fkusuz, mezk\u00fbr tarihsel ger\u00e7e\u011fe dair binlerce metin yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun hakikat t\u00f6z\u00fcne t\u00fcm\u00fcyle yakla\u015fmay\u0131 ba\u015faramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Zira ilkin s\u00f6zl\u00fc kolektif haf\u0131za es ge\u00e7iliyor sonra da bir taraf aklanmaya ya da su\u00e7lanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Bundan da ilgin\u00e7 olan \u015fey, bu soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n su\u00e7unu K\u00fcrde y\u0131kmak ya da kimi K\u00fcrtlerin efendiler ad\u0131na su\u00e7u \u00fcstlenmeleridir. Burada, F\u0131rat Ayd\u0131nkaya\u2019n\u0131n \u201cSekiz Soruda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ve K\u00fcrtler\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131 vesilesiyle s\u00f6z konusu olguya yo\u011funla\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Ne zaman Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olsa, T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7i \u00e7evre ve kurumlar\u0131 hemen belgeleri a\u00e7ma arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atarlar. Ancak zaten \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d niyet baz\u0131nda bir proje olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp icra edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in, soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 elinden geldi\u011fince \u201ckan\u0131t\u201d niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan her \u015feyi (buna \u00f6l\u00fc insan bedeni de d\u00e2hil) yok etmeyi esas al\u0131r. Nazi kamplar\u0131, Dersim, Zilan, Ruanda ve Bosna \u00f6rneklerinde bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n izlerini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ama soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131n\u0131n yok etmeyi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc ba\u015faramad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veri, kolektif haf\u0131zay\u0131 sar\u0131p sarmalayan \u201cs\u00f6z\u201dd\u00fcr. Onun i\u00e7in maddi kan\u0131t bulunsun ya da bulunmas\u0131n, Anadolu ve K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki devasa kolektif haf\u0131za, bize bu topraklarda soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun Ermenilere d\u00f6n\u00fck gizli ajandas\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahsen inanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m gibi baz\u0131 \u00e7evrelerin \u201ckatliam sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131nda spontane geli\u015fti\u201d tezine de kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum. Soyk\u0131r\u0131m kavramsal olarak i\u00e7inde muntazam bir program\u0131 ve disipline edilmi\u015f bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak Ermenilere d\u00f6n\u00fck katliamlara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201cplandaki eksiklikler\u201d g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. Bunun ba\u015fat nedeni, yerelin iradesinin \u00e7o\u011fu zaman merkezin iradesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mesidir. Bu sadece Ermeni katliamlar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u015fey de\u011fil, disipline edilemeyen Osmanl\u0131 idaresinin kadim bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir. \u0130\u015fte K\u00fcrde soyk\u0131r\u0131m su\u00e7unu y\u0131kma giri\u015fimi tam da buradan, yani yerelin iradesinin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr oldu\u011fu noktadan el al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 \u00e7evreler ellerinde \u201cK\u00fcrtlerin az\u0131msanmayacak bir kesiminin soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair yeterli derecede bilgi ve kan\u0131t oldu\u011funu\u201d iddia ediyorlar. Bizim elimizde olmay\u0131p onlar\u0131n elinde bulunan \u201cbilgi ve kan\u0131t\u201dlar\u0131 merak ediyorum do\u011frusu. Yine \u201chi\u00e7 de az\u0131msanmayacak \u00f6nemli bir kesim\u201d ibaresini neye dayanarak ve nas\u0131l tespit ettiklerini de anlayam\u0131yorum. \u00d6te yandan tarihsel olarak \u201cErmenilerle K\u00fcrtlerin aras\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl gerginli\u011fin oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok yerin mevcut oldu\u011fu\u201d tezi de son derece sorunludur. \u015eayet kastettikleri yerler Bitlis ve Van vilayetleri ise, meselenin tarihsel ve toplumsal \u00e7er\u00e7evesini de\u015fmekte yarar var.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 akademisyenlerin iddialar\u0131n\u0131n aksine her iki vilayette de S\u00fcnni K\u00fcrtler total n\u00fcfusun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu olu\u015fturur. Bitlis vilayetinin kadim co\u011frafyas\u0131 Mervan\u00eelerden \u00e7ok say\u0131da K\u00fcrt mirli\u011fine (Bitlis, H\u00eezan, \u015e\u00eervan, Xerzan\/Garzan, Hezo, \u00c7apak\u00e7ur, Karni, Zirki) ev sahipli\u011fi yaparken, Van kalesi ve etraf\u0131ndaki \u015fehri d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tutarsak, birden fazla K\u00fcrt mirli\u011finin (Hekari, Westan, Miks, Bargir\u00ee, Mehm\u00fbd\u00ee ve k\u0131smen Baz\u00eed) etkinlik sahalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Ermeniler \u201creaya\u201d yani K\u00fcrtlerin deyimi ile \u201cfileh\u201d (fellah\/\u00e7ift\u00e7i) kesimini olu\u015ftururken, K\u00fcrtler \u201ca\u015firet\u201d olarak konu\u015flan\u0131p daha \u00e7ok mirin \u201ctalan ekonomisi\u201dnde operasyonel g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Talan, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te i\u00e7sel bir aksiyonu i\u00e7ermez, yani baz\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 tarih\u00e7ilerinin \u00e7arp\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, mirlik sahas\u0131ndaki a\u015firetin yine ayn\u0131 mirlik sahas\u0131ndaki Ermeni k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc talan etmesine de\u011fil, mirin d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck d\u0131\u015fsal bir aksiyon s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtler ve Ermeniler aras\u0131ndaki bu klasik ve yayg\u0131n tarihsel ili\u015fki, K\u00fcrt mirlerinin tasfiye edildi\u011fi 1850\u2019lere kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Mirlerin tasfiye edilmesinden sonra, K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki a\u015firetlerin yap\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u201ctekrar-a\u015firetle\u015fme\u201d ya\u015fand\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019dan g\u00f6nderilen \u201ck\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 fesli efendi\u201d etkili olamad\u0131, siyasal ve sosyal bo\u015flu\u011fu Mevl\u00e2na Halit\u2019in \u201c\u015feyh\u201d halifeleri doldurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u015feyhler i\u015fe koyulurken, \u00f6zellikle muazzam derecede i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f olan K\u00fcrt-Ermeni toplumunun silikle\u015fen din\u00ee kodlar\u0131ndan \u201cmustarip\u201dlerdi. 1860\u2019larda K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin az\u0131msanmayacak bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00cazid\u00ee olduklar\u0131n\u0131 da hesaba katarsak, \u015feyhlerin i\u015flerinin ne kadar zor oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u015feyhler \u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerini yeniden S\u00fcnnile\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak i\u015fe ba\u015flad\u0131lar ve bu s\u00fcreci Hristiyan kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdiler. \u0130\u015fte Halid\u00ee Nor\u015fin \u015eeyhi Diyaddin\u2019in (\u015eeyh Hazret) Ermenilerle mukim Mu\u015f ovas\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erken, \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc kokuyorlar\u201d diye burnunu kapat\u0131p, Badikan a\u015fireti muhitine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u201ccennet g\u00fcl\u00fc gibi kokuyor\u201d diyerek elini burnundan \u00e7ekmesi buna delalettir. Velhas\u0131l S\u00fcnnile\u015ftirme, Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 s\u00fcrecini de i\u00e7ine alarak 1900\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131na kadar aral\u0131ks\u0131z s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, Ermenilerden \u00f6nce, K\u00fcrtlere d\u00f6n\u00fck bir projeydi. Nitekim b\u00f6lgeyi ziyaret eden Safi Pa\u015fa, Garzan\u2019daki Ermenilerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun Ermenice bilmedi\u011fini, K\u00fcrtlerin ise sadece ismen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ama daha \u00e7ok Ermeniler gibi ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gizleyememi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
1900\u2019lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 men\u015feli birka\u00e7 elit K\u00fcrt ailesini saymazsak, K\u00fcrtler ve Ermeniler aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131ktan ziyade, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve ortak ya\u015fam ruhu mevcuttur. Elbette bu s\u00fcre\u00e7teki Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131n\u0131n talan seferlerini ve kitlesel katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekir. Mirlik nostaljisi ya\u015fayan Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131, bir Osmanl\u0131 projesi olarak sadece Ermenilere d\u00f6n\u00fck talan seferlerine giri\u015fmediler, Hamidiye sisteminde kendisine yer bulamayan a\u015firetlere de sald\u0131rd\u0131lar ve b\u00f6lgelerini ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar. Bununla yetinmeyip birbirleri ile de sava\u015ft\u0131lar ve birbirleri ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar. Bu ba\u011flamda Hesenan-Heyderan ve S\u00eepkan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 hemen akla gelmelidir.<\/p>\n
Hamidiye \u015fiddeti, Ermeni modernitesi i\u00e7in de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc dayanaklar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun (Ermeni Devrimci Federasyonu), siyasal bir olu\u015fum olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Ermeniler nezdindeki Hamidiye nefretini genelle\u015ftirip, bu nefreti umum K\u00fcrtlere m\u00e2l etmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131. D\u00f6neme dair Osmanl\u0131 ar\u015fivinin s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne alarak na\u00e7izane \u015fu \u00f6neriyi yapabilirim: \u00d6zellikle Van ve Bitlis\u2019teki Rus, \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z viskonsoloslar\u0131n tuttuklar\u0131 notlara ve kaleme ald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6zlem raporlar\u0131na bak\u0131labilir. Bu d\u00f6nemde Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun son derece \u00e7eli\u015fkili bir politika y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Hareketin bir kanad\u0131 K\u00fcrtlere d\u00f6n\u00fck bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bir program\u0131 savunup bu program \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u201cK\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131 ve modern K\u00fcrt kimli\u011finin olu\u015fum s\u00fcreci\u201dne katk\u0131 sunmay\u0131 teklif eder. \u00d6b\u00fcr kanat ise, Bizans\u2019la hem-zaman olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Ermeni \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun tekrar tesis edilebilece\u011fini ve bu nostalji uyar\u0131nca \u201cda\u011fl\u0131 vah\u015fi K\u00fcrtler\u201din bu \u201cata yurdu\u201dndan kovulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunur.<\/p>\n
Me\u015frutiyet (1908) yani \u201cJ\u00f6nt\u00fcrk Devrimi\u201d, b\u00fct\u00fcn Osmanl\u0131 sahas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi K\u00fcrt-Ermeni ili\u015fkilerinde de m\u00fchim bir k\u0131r\u0131lma noktas\u0131na tekab\u00fcl eder. 1908\u2019e kadar hilafetin sad\u0131k hizmet\u00e7isi Hamidiyeli K\u00fcrtler, Al-i Osman devletinin sad\u0131k kullar\u0131 iken, 1908\u2019den sonra \u201czalim Abd\u00fclhamit rejiminin su\u00e7 ortaklar\u0131\u201d ve \u201cme\u015frutiyet\/ayd\u0131nlanma kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 gericiler\u201d olarak kodland\u0131lar. Hakeza 1908\u2019e kadar devlet i\u00e7in Ermeni cenah\u0131 \u201cfesad yuvas\u0131\u201d iken, 1908\u2019den sonra nispeten ve kademeli olarak \u201cAbd\u00fclhamit rejimi d\u00f6neminin ma\u011fdurlar\u0131\u201dna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Ku\u015fkusuz bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn mimar\u0131 da Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun\u2019dur. Nitekim, Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun\u2019un m\u00fchim isimlerinden Rupen Pa\u015fa, Mu\u015f ovas\u0131nda d\u00fczenli Osmanl\u0131 birliklerine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131rken, \u201cme\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131\u201d haberini bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 askerlerinden al\u0131r ve birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra Mu\u015f\u2019a inerek, Mu\u015f ahalisinin tezah\u00fcratlar\u0131 e\u015fli\u011finde Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n afili kadrolar\u0131ndan birine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek olan \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 \u00d6mer Naci ile birlikte resm\u00ee asker\u00ee ge\u00e7ite kat\u0131l\u0131r ve \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n ta\u015fra organizat\u00f6r\u00fc\u201d olarak nitelendirilen Hoca \u0130lyas Sami ile kucakla\u015f\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde pek de \u201cK\u00fcrtl\u00fck\u201d iddias\u0131 olmayan Hoca \u0130lyas Sami ile Ke\u011fam Garabetyan, \u0130ttihat Terakki Cemiyeti-Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun ittifak\u0131 boyunca (1908-1914) her se\u00e7imde Mu\u015f mebuslar\u0131 olarak Mebusan Meclisi\u2019ne se\u00e7ilirler.<\/p>\n
S\u00f6z konusu s\u00fcre\u00e7te art\u0131k \u201cg\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi\u201d Hamidiye Alaylar\u0131 \u00f6zelinde K\u00fcrtlerdir. Me\u015frutiyet\u2019in ilan\u0131 ile K\u00fcrt elitleri elimine edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa \u0130ran\u2019a ka\u00e7ar, (1909\u2019da Mu\u015f hapishanesinde zehirlenerek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen) Hesenanl\u0131 R\u0131za ile karde\u015fleri Fetullah ve Seyyid Ali tutuklan\u0131r, K\u00fcrt Teavv\u00fcn ve Terakki Cemiyeti\u2019nin b\u00fcrolar\u0131 teker teker kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Mu\u015f Murahass\u0131 naibi Rahip Vartan, bu d\u00f6nemde \u0130ttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti (\u0130TC) merkez b\u00fcrosuna g\u00f6ndermi\u015f oldu\u011fu bir ihbar mektubunda \u201ctoplant\u0131 yapan K\u00fcrtler Me\u015frutiyet idaresine kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanacaklar ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te de Ermenileri katledecekler\u201d diye yazar. Rahip Vartan ihbar mektubunda, iki cihan bir olsa yan yana gelemeyecek olan ve y\u0131llard\u0131r birbirleri ile kan daval\u0131 olan Heyderan, Cibran, Hesenan a\u011falar\u0131n\u0131, daha etkin bir m\u00fcrit a\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in birbirleriyle rekabet edip birbirlerinin fetvalar\u0131n\u0131 \u201cbat\u0131l\u201d ilan eden Gayda, Nor\u015fin, K\u00fcfra tekkelerine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015feyhler ile bir araya getiriyordu! Daha sonra \u0130TC\u2019nin gizli ajanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan tetkikatlar neticesinde anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131 ki b\u00f6yle bir toplant\u0131 hi\u00e7 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015fti!<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131nkaya, Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun-\u0130TC se\u00e7im ittifak\u0131 d\u00f6neminde boy veren K\u00fcrt entelijensiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u201co d\u00f6nemki ittihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 diskuruna ba\u015fvurarak Ermeniler i\u00e7in\u00a0\u2018dahili d\u00fc\u015fman\u2019\u00a0tabiri kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d iddias\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in kadim bir hanedan olan Bedirhan\u00eelerden gelen Salih Bedirhan\u2019\u0131n \u201cRoj\u00ee Kurd\u201d dergisinde 1912\u2019de yazm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bir makaleye at\u0131f yap\u0131yor. Salih Bedirhan\u2019\u0131n yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n genelinden c\u0131mb\u0131zlanarak al\u0131nan bu ibare \u00fczerinden d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrt entelijensiyas\u0131n\u0131 soyk\u0131r\u0131m konusunda mahk\u00fbm etmeye d\u00f6n\u00fck bu \u201ckan\u0131t\u201d niteli\u011findeki c\u00fcmlelerin, her g\u00fcn d\u00fczenli olarak \u0130stanbul, Paris ve Londra olmak \u00fczere onlarca merkezde g\u00fcnl\u00fck ve haftal\u0131k yay\u0131n yapan Ermeni ne\u015friyat\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrtlere d\u00f6n\u00fck hamasi ve \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa varan yaz\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f fevri bir cevap oldu\u011funu hesaba kat\u0131lm\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Bedirhanileri \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u201d \u00fczerinden mahk\u00fbm etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kesimler, ayn\u0131 aileye ve entelekt\u00fcel kategoriye d\u00e2hil olan Abdurahman Bedirhan\u2019\u0131n \u201cPro-Armenia\u201d ve \u201cK\u00fcrdistan\u201d gazetelerinde yay\u0131nlanan ve Ermeni m\u00fccadelesini \u00f6ven yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Geliy\u00ea Guzan\u2019da bir Ermeni fedainin \u00fcst\u00fcnde yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haberi olmayabilir! Ayn\u0131 Salih Bedirhan\u2019\u0131n Erci\u015f\u2019teki Timur, Emin ve H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015falara, \u201cErmenilere asla zulmetmeyiniz\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir mektup g\u00f6nderdi\u011finden de haberi olmayabilir! Yine Frans\u0131z rahip Bonte\u2019nin iddias\u0131na g\u00f6re istihbarat\u00e7\u0131 oldu\u011fu san\u0131lan Rus gazeteci M. Berezowsky, 1913 bahar\u0131nda Siirt\u2019te Yusuf Kamil Bedirhan ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Yusuf Kamil, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi de daha sonra do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r). Rus gazeteci, kendisine Rusya\u2019n\u0131n K\u00fcrtlere \u201cba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k tan\u0131ma\u201d niyetinde oldu\u011funu ve bunun i\u00e7in kendilerine silah yard\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131na dair teminat vermi\u015ftir. Bu teminata kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ise Bedirhan\u2019dan \u00f6ncelikle Ermenileri katletmelerini istemi\u015ftir. Bedirhan, \u201ckatliam\u201d talebine \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi ivedilikle Frans\u0131zlara bildirerek Ruslar\u0131n Ermenilere d\u00f6n\u00fck bu \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc projesini te\u015fhir etmi\u015fti. Fazla de\u011fil, bir y\u0131l sonra olgunla\u015fan K\u00fcrt hareketinin bir meyvesi olarak, Bitlis\u2019te bir K\u00fcrt ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 cereyan edecekti ve Halife Selim\u2019in i\u015fbirli\u011fi, hi\u00e7 olmazsa tarafs\u0131z kal\u0131nmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki dostane mektuplar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun \u00f6zelinde Ermeniler silahlan\u0131p \u201cBitlis \u0130syan\u0131\u201dn\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130TC ile kol kola K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015facaklard\u0131. Frans\u0131z viskons\u00fcl\u00fcn deyi\u015fi ile \u201c\u015eeyh \u015eahabeddin ve Seyyid Ali\u2019nin dar a\u011fac\u0131nda as\u0131l\u0131 bedenlerini g\u00f6ren K\u00fcrtler sadece \u0130TC\u2019yi de\u011fil ittifak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyunu da sorumlu tutacaklard\u0131.\u201d Elbette \u0130TC-Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun ittifak\u0131, bununla da yetinmeyip, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde h\u00e2l\u00e2 Van y\u00f6resinde s\u00f6ylenen \u201c\u015eekir A\u011fa\u201d stran\u0131na ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olan, d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrt hareketinin m\u00fchim kadrolar\u0131ndan Herto\u015fili \u015eekir\u2019i \u00f6ld\u00fcrecekti. Belki de aslen Bitlisli olan Xel\u00eel Xeyal\u00ee, \u201cErmenileri dahil d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6r\u00fcp onlara\u00a0(kurm\u00ea dar\u00ea)\u00a0yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u201dn\u0131n nedeni, bu geli\u015fmelerdi!<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131nkaya, soyk\u0131r\u0131m y\u0131llar\u0131nda asker k\u00f6kenli K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 ordusu saflar\u0131nda bulundu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrerek bu ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n aksiyon safhas\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Oysa bu y\u0131llarda \u201cOrdu saflar\u0131nda bulunma\u201d hali sadece K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc bir durum de\u011fildir. Torosyan gibi Ermeni k\u00f6kenli subaylar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra onlarca Arap, T\u00fcrk, Arnavut, Bo\u015fnak ve \u00c7erkez ayd\u0131n da sava\u015f cephelerindeydi. Y\u0131llard\u0131r soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kat\u0131lmak ve hatta y\u00f6netmekle ile itham edilen Cibranl\u0131 Halit Bey ise, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te K\u00fcrtlerin ve Ermenilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 muhitlerin \u00e7ok uza\u011f\u0131nda, Filistin cephesindedir. 1916\u2019n\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeye gelecek ve Kars civar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce Ermeni sivili son anda Deli Halit Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n elinden kurtar\u0131p Aras boylar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrecektir. Kadri Cemil Pa\u015fa ve \u0130hsan Nuri\u2019nin de I\u011fd\u0131r ve Kars civar\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce Ermeni sivili kurtard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Hesen Hi\u015fyar Serd\u00ee\u2019nin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kurtarmak i\u00e7in can\u0131 pahas\u0131na jandarmalara kar\u015f\u0131 direndi\u011fini biliyoruz.<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131nkaya h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 alamam\u0131\u015f, K\u00fcrt edebiyat\u0131ndan da bir \u00f6rnek vermek istemi\u015f ve Hec\u00ee Qadir\u00ea Koy\u00ee\u2019nin \u201cXak\u00ee Ciz\u00eer \u00fb Botan, ye\u2019ni willat\u00ee Kurdan \/\u00a0Sed heyf \u00fb mixabin deyken be Ermenistan\u201d (\u0130ml\u00e2s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltip \u00e7evirisini ekliyorum: Cizre ve Botan topra\u011f\u0131 yani K\u00fcrt \u00fclkesi\/ne yaz\u0131k ki Ermenistan diye adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor) dizelerini soyk\u0131r\u0131ma ilhamla nitelendirmi\u015f! Koy\u00ee\u2019nin bu beyti, takriben 25 y\u0131l sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek olan katliamlara nas\u0131l ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015f olabilir? S\u00f6z konusu d\u00f6nemde \u0130stanbul\u2019da bulunan Koy\u00ee, Osmanl\u0131 anas\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7inde yayg\u0131nla\u015fan milliyet\u00e7i s\u00f6ylemin bir \u00f6rne\u011fini vermi\u015f sadece. Burada Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131’na ilham gibi anakronik bir i\u00e7erikten \u00e7ok \u201cKuzey K\u00fcrdistan-Bat\u0131 Ermenistan\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrt milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi i\u00e7inden okumaktan s\u00f6z edilebilir. K\u00fcrt\u00e7e konu\u015fmayan K\u00fcrtleri \u201cpi\u00e7\u201d s\u0131fat\u0131yla tahkir etmekten geri durmayan sert miza\u00e7l\u0131 \u015fairin \u201cWilayeti Kurdan\u201d dedi\u011fi sahan\u0131n kuzeyini, oryantalistlerin tabiriyle \u201cArmeno-Kurd\u201d co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini de unutmamak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
1915 Nisan\u0131’nda ba\u015flay\u0131p b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u0131la yay\u0131lan katliamlara i\u015ftirak eden Feyzi Bey, Hoca \u0130lyas Sami ve Hac\u0131 Musa Bey gibi akt\u00f6rlerin yan\u0131na birka\u00e7 ki\u015fi daha eklemek istiyorum. Van\u2019da G\u0131d\u0131kzade S\u00fcleyman, \u0130dris, Vanl\u0131 \u015eevket Efendi, Mu\u015f\u2019ta Seid\u00ea Nado vd. Bu \u015fahsiyetlerin hemen hemen hepsinin 1914 sonbahar\u0131na kadar Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019ya \u00fcye olduklar\u0131n\u0131 biliyoruz. Pirin\u00e7izade Feyzi Bey, Diyarbekir b\u00f6lgesindeki Ermeni tehcirinden sonra \u015fehirdeki Ermeni mallar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funa tek ba\u015f\u0131na el koydu ki bu sermaye ye\u011feni Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019\u0131n \u0130stanbul camias\u0131na T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc bir ideolog olarak kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ayn\u0131 Pirin\u00e7izade, 1925 \u015eeyh Sait \u0130syan\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde K\u00fcrt hareketinin darmada\u011f\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Palu-Gen\u00e7-Lice \u00fc\u00e7genindeki K\u00fcrt katliamlar\u0131n\u0131n da mimar\u0131 oldu. Topalzade lakapl\u0131 Hoca \u0130lyas Sami (Mu\u015flular onun i\u00e7in \u201cTopalzade k\u00f6pr\u00fc olsa \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7ilmez\u201d derlerdi), Azad\u00ee Hareketi\u2019nin \u00f6nderi Cibranl\u0131 Halit Bey\u2019i devlete teslim eden, Ermenilerden sonra Mu\u015f ovas\u0131n\u0131 K\u00fcrts\u00fczle\u015ftiren eski ittihat\u00e7\u0131 yeni Kemalist bir kadroydu. G\u0131d\u0131kzade \u0130dris ve S\u00fcleyman (H\u00fcsamettin Cindoruk\u2019un d\u00fcn\u00fcrleri), Erci\u015f kent merkezindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn Ermeni mallar\u0131na tek ba\u015flar\u0131na el koydular. A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde Zilan deresinde 15 bin K\u00fcrd\u00fcn katline bizzat kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Vanl\u0131 \u015eevket Efendi (\u201cgazeteci\u201d Fatih Altayl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n dedesidir), Van\u2019daki Ermeni kiliselerine bile el koyduktan sonra 1930 Zilan katliam\u0131na i\u015ftirak etti ve Zilan\u2019daki K\u00fcrt k\u00f6ylerini uhdesine ald\u0131. Se\u00eed\u00ea Nado ise, \u201cganimet elde edemeden\u201d 1916 k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Bulan\u0131k\u2019taki bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fchim isimlerinden Hac\u0131 Musa Bey (\u0130BDA-C \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn lideri Salih Mirzabeyo\u011flu\u2019nun dedesidir), Azad\u00ee Hareketi\u2019ne s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan bir muhbirdi. Bu konu, d\u00f6nemin Mu\u015f Valisi Sak\u0131p Bey\u2019in raporlar\u0131nda detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Hac\u0131 Musa Bey, Ermenilere ait arazileri Hoca \u0130lyas Sami ile payla\u015fmaya yana\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in Ankara\u2019ya \u015fik\u00e2yet edilir. \u00d6nce Sinop\u2019a daha sonra da Kayseri\u2019ye s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilir. S\u00fcrg\u00fcnde Mustafa Kemal\u2019e g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta \u201cErmeni mezalimi ve \u015eeyh Sait d\u00f6nemi hizmetlerimi hat\u0131rlay\u0131n\u0131z ekselanslar\u0131. Duydum ki Ankara\u2019da bir \u00e7iftlik kurmu\u015fsunuz (Atat\u00fcrk Orman \u00c7iftli\u011fi kastediliyor, S.U.) beni yan\u0131n\u0131za al\u0131n\u0131z, \u00e7oban\u0131n\u0131z olmaya raz\u0131y\u0131m\u201d diyordu. M. Kemal\u2019den y\u00fcz bulamay\u0131nca, s\u00fcrg\u00fcnde bulunan K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa\u2019ya s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. Oradan firar ederek Binxet\u2019e, yani g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Rojavas\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. Yar\u0131s\u0131 eski Ta\u015fnaks\u00fctyun kadrolar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan ve K\u00fcrt-Ermeni ittifak\u0131n\u0131 savunan Xoybun\u2019a kaydoldu. Ama birka\u00e7 ay sonra \u00f6ld\u00fc. O\u011flu Medeni ise K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve devlet taraf\u0131ndan affedilip \u201cmilis\u201d kadrosuna al\u0131nd\u0131. Medeni, y\u0131llarca Mu\u015f ovas\u0131nda Sey\u00eedxan, El\u00eecan ve A\u011fr\u0131 isyan\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 avlad\u0131. K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa\u2019ya gelince; kendisi 1914 sonbahar\u0131nda Sar\u0131kam\u0131\u015f-Erzurum dolaylar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. 1916 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar da cephede sava\u015ft\u0131. Yenilince ailesini de yan\u0131na alarak Urfa\u2019ya kadar ka\u00e7t\u0131 ve 1920\u2019ye kadar b\u00f6lgeye d\u00f6nemedi. \u015eahsen birka\u00e7 yaz\u0131da K\u00f6r H\u00fcseyin Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n katliamlar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini ima etmi\u015ftim, lakin Mela Muhemed\u00ea Z\u00eelan\u00ee\u2019nin sava\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc bulduktan sonra Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n 1914-1920 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kendi etkinlik sahas\u0131na hi\u00e7 u\u011framad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131m. Pa\u015fa 1920 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra b\u00f6lgeye d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra, 1926\u2019da \u0130stanbul\u2019a s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. B\u00fct\u00fcn mallar\u0131na el konuldu ve bir daha d\u00f6nmesine izin verilmedi. A\u011fr\u0131 isyan\u0131na kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yerlerinden firar eden b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7ocuklar\u0131, Mehmet ve Nadir S\u00fcphanda\u011f hari\u00e7, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Bir de ki\u015fisel hik\u00e2yemin par\u00e7as\u0131 olan Bekiranl\u0131 Maruf A\u011fa\u2019dan s\u00f6z etmek istiyorum. Maruf A\u011fa, babam\u0131n dedesi olur. Erci\u015f\u2019in Cerge\u015f\u00een k\u00f6y\u00fcndeki hi\u00e7bir Ermeniyi d\u00f6nemin Erci\u015f kaymakam\u0131na teslim etmedi. Ermenileri b\u00f6lgeye yakla\u015fan Rus birliklerine teslim ettikten sonra k\u00f6y\u00fcne geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc, ama \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra ayn\u0131 Rus birlikleri k\u00f6y\u00fcne sald\u0131rd\u0131. Maruf A\u011fa nefs-i m\u00fcdafaada bulunarak 18 akrabas\u0131 ile silaha sar\u0131ld\u0131. \u201cMitraly\u00f6z\u201d ate\u015fine tutulan Maruf A\u011fa ve 18 akrabas\u0131 birka\u00e7 saat i\u00e7inde orac\u0131kta can verdi. Ermeni bir fedai Maruf A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n cenazesini tan\u0131d\u0131. Arkada\u015flar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcp, \u201cbu, \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocu\u011fumuzu Erci\u015f kaymakam\u0131ndan koruyan \u2018Kriv\u00ea Mero\u2019 (Kirve Maruf ) de\u011fil mi?\u201d diye soracak ve Maruf A\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f t\u00fct\u00fcn tabakas\u0131, a\u011f\u0131zl\u0131k ve kehribar tespihini getirip b\u00fcy\u00fck ninem Meyro\u2019ya teslim edecekti.<\/p>\n
Yukar\u0131da vurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, soyk\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131 \u201cs\u00f6z\u201d\u00fc yok edemez. S\u00f6z\u00fcn bize anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te Ermeni ulusu ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 yok edildi. Ancak soyk\u0131r\u0131m \u00fczerinden K\u00fcrd\u00fc d\u00f6venlerin aksine K\u00fcrtlerin umum\u00ee bir i\u015ftirak ile soyk\u0131r\u0131ma kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131na dair elimizde yaz\u0131l\u0131 ya da s\u00f6zl\u00fc kan\u0131t yoktur. K\u00fcrt cenah\u0131ndaki mevcut s\u00f6zl\u00fc tarihin aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bireysel ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7aptaki K\u00fcrt gruplar\u0131n i\u015ftiraki s\u00f6z konusu olsa da \u00f6zellikle a\u015firet alaylar\u0131n\u0131n 1915 y\u0131ll\u0131ndaki katliamlara kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair neredeyse hi\u00e7bir veri yoktur. Bu a\u015firetlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle de da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Zira cepheye s\u00fcr\u00fclen bu operasyonel K\u00fcrt s\u00fcvarileri, 1914 k\u0131\u015f\u0131 itibari ile ilerleyen Rus ordusunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sava\u015fmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n tutunmakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorlard\u0131. 1915 y\u0131l\u0131nda, yani katliamlar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00e7o\u011fu K\u00fcrt k\u00f6y\u00fc ve a\u015firet muhitinde 15-60 ya\u015f aras\u0131 erkek n\u00fcfusun neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n silah alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131p muhtelif cephelere g\u00f6nderildi\u011fini biliyoruz. Nitekim 1916 bahar\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Bitlis ve Van cihetlerinde a\u015firetlere mensup bir toplulu\u011fu g\u00f6rmek imk\u00e2ns\u0131zla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Nogales\u2019in de aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7o\u011fu merkezde, \u00f6rne\u011fin Bitlis, Adilcevaz ve Mu\u015f\u2019ta katliamlar bizzat kaymakam ve valilerin emri ile jandarmalar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyordu. Bu jandarmalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n K\u00fcrt olmas\u0131 veyahut b\u00f6lgedeki Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Mahsusa \u00fcyelerinin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun K\u00fcrt olmas\u0131, \u201cumumi i\u015ftirak\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmez. Efr\u00een\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp K\u00fcrtlere kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan korucular geliyor akl\u0131ma. O korucular\u0131 an\u0131p, \u201cEfr\u00een\u2019i K\u00fcrtler ele ge\u00e7irip cihat\u00e7\u0131 ter\u00f6ristlere pe\u015fke\u015f \u00e7ektiler\u201d mi demeliyiz?!<\/p>\n
\u201cErmeni mallar\u0131\u201d meselesine gelince; o d\u00f6nem b\u00f6lgede ekilip bi\u00e7ilen arazi, toplam arazinin y\u00fczde 10\u2019una tekab\u00fcl eder. Yani zira\u00ee faaliyetler son derece s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r ve bug\u00fcnk\u00fc topraklar\u0131n tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131nda ekim ve toprak m\u00fclkiyeti s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. 1925\u2019ten sonra ba\u015flat\u0131lan tapulamada Kemalist kadrolar\u0131n geni\u015f topraklara el koyduklar\u0131, 1947\u2019ye gelindi\u011finde 19 milyon d\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fck arazinin s\u00f6z konusu kadrolara verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu noktada \u00dcnal, Sazak, Menderes gibi devasa toprak maliklerinin kimin topraklar\u0131na el koyduklar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulamak nedense kimsenin akl\u0131na gelmez! Kald\u0131 ki \u0130smet Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n kesin emri \u015fu \u015fekildeydi: \u201cErmenilerden bo\u015falan k\u00f6ylere K\u00fcrtlerin yerle\u015fmesine izin vermeyin, buralara T\u00fcrk muhacir yerle\u015ftirilecektir.\u201d Bu mallar\u0131n m\u00fchim bir k\u0131sm\u0131 eski ittihat\u00e7\u0131 yeni Kemalist kentli e\u015fraf aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve bu sermaye \u00f6zelikle K\u00fcrdistan\u2019daki T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc siyasetin icra edilmesi ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan n\u00fcfus getirilip yerle\u015ftirilmesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 kalemler bu bahiste, Ermeni fedailerin K\u00fcrtleri katliamdan ge\u00e7irmesini \u201cspontane misilleme eylemler\u201d olarak yorumluyorlar. Oysa Rus i\u015fgali esnas\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7en a\u015firet efrad\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131n Rus ordusu cenah\u0131nda yer alan Ermeni fedailer taraf\u0131ndan katledildi\u011fini biliyoruz. \u00dcnl\u00fc Bol\u015fevik K\u00fcrt romanc\u0131 Ereb \u015eemo, bu katliamlar\u0131n tan\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Mu\u015f cihetlerinde say\u0131s\u0131z sivil S\u00fcnni ve Alevi K\u00fcrt infaz edildi. Erkeklere dahi tecav\u00fcz edildi. \u00d6zellikle Van\u2019da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfus, daha sonra kurulacak olan Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapacak olan Aram Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan katledildi. Binlerce K\u00fcrt Hakk\u00e2ri da\u011flar\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ya donarak ya da a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bir milyondan fazla K\u00fcrt \u00c7ukurova ve Konya ovas\u0131na g\u00f6\u00e7 etti, bu n\u00fcfusun neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7l\u0131ktan ve bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klardan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Nitekim Deveciyan, Paris\u2019teki Nubar Pa\u015fa\u2019ya, Kilikya\u2019dan g\u00f6ndermi\u015f oldu\u011fu telgrafta, \u201cK\u00fcrtlerin bir daha bu b\u00f6lgelere d\u00f6nmesine izin verilmemeli\u201d diye yaz\u0131yordu!<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131nkaya, d\u00f6nemin K\u00fcrt entelijans\u0131n\u0131n Wilson \u0130lkeleri uyar\u0131nca \u201cErmenisizle\u015ftirilen b\u00f6lgeler\u201dde siyaset icra etti\u011fini (yazar, ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda mezk\u00fbr b\u00f6lgelerin K\u00fcrts\u00fczle\u015ftirildi\u011fi \u201cyine\u201d g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131yor), hatta daha da ileri giderek \u00f6zellikle J\u00een gazetesinin \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifletme-de\u011fersizle\u015ftirme\u201dye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor. J\u00een gazetesi birka\u00e7 eksik say\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Latin alfabesi ile de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, isteyen s\u00f6z konusu gazeteyi ba\u015ftan sona kadar tarayabilir. Acaba J\u00een\u2019de bizim g\u00f6remeyip de Ayd\u0131nkaya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201csoyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifleten, soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fersizle\u015ftiren\u201d ibareler hangileridir?<\/p>\n
J\u00een, Sevr Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131 s\u00fcresince aktif bir propaganda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc, zira bir misyon yay\u0131n\u0131yd\u0131. K\u00fcrdistan Teali Cemiyeti\u2019nin yar\u0131-resmi yay\u0131n organ\u0131yd\u0131. Finans\u00f6r\u00fc ise Paris\u2019te Nubar Pa\u015fa ile birlikte hareket eden K\u00fcrt delegesi Muhammed \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019d\u0131r. Fransa\u2019n\u0131n diplomasi ar\u015fivinde Wilson \u0130lkeleri uyar\u0131nca kurulacak olan Ermenistan ve\u201d \u00f6zerklik\u201d verilecek olan K\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6steren bir harita var. K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kalem Nubar Pa\u015fa\u2019ya, mavi kalem ise \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019ya aittir ve harita \u00fczerinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kalem ile mavi kalem adeta horoz d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yaparcas\u0131na \u201cs\u0131n\u0131r\u201d\u0131 belirlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde Erzincan ve Ko\u00e7giri\u2019deki Alevi-K\u00fcrt a\u015firetleri, \u201cK\u00fcrdistan\u2019\u0131n kuzey s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Erzincan da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n kuzey kesimleri ve Sivas hatt\u0131 olu\u015fturur, ba\u015fka s\u0131n\u0131r kabul etmeyiz\u201d diye \u015eerif Pa\u015fa\u2019ya mektup g\u00f6nderirler. O esnada h\u00e2l\u00e2 Frans\u0131z i\u015fgali alt\u0131ndaki Kilikya\u2019da bulunup \u201cbirka\u00e7 bin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131 halletmek\u201dle me\u015fgul olan Ermeni delegasyonu da Nubar Pa\u015fa\u2019ya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi memorandumda, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Ermenistan devleti K\u00fcrdolojisini hat\u0131rlat\u0131r \u015fekilde, K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusunu \u201cA\u015firetler\u201d, \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7erler\u201d \u201cK\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u201d, \u201cYezidiler\u201d ve \u201cZazalar\u201d diye s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131p yaln\u0131zca baz\u0131 a\u015firetlere \u201cK\u00fcrt\u201d denilebilece\u011fini iddia ederek, \u201cVan, Erzurum ve Bitlis vilayetlerinde bu manada K\u00fcrtlerin Ermenilerden daha az oldu\u011funun Sevr Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131 Komitesi\u2019ne izah edilmesi gerekti\u011fini\u201d \u0131srarla vurguluyordu.<\/p>\n
Bu kadar i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f iki toplumu birbirine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp ay\u0131ran \u015fey, yaln\u0131zca her iki toplumda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan milliyet\u00e7ilik-dincilik olamaz.\u00a0Ancak meseleyi sadece Ermeni tezleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde okumak ya da efendinin su\u00e7unu \u00fcstlenmek, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ve mavi kalemlerin birbiriyle tutu\u015ftu\u011fu hayal\u00ee kavga kadar ac\u0131 bir ironidir. Efendiye bir \u015fey diyemeyen k\u00f6le, gittik\u00e7e \u00fcstlendi\u011fi su\u00e7u i\u015fledi\u011fine inanmaya ba\u015flayabilir. Bug\u00fcn \u201cEfr\u00een fatihleri\u201dyle \u00fclk\u00fcda\u015f olan Orhan Miro\u011flu\u2019nun T\u00fcrk solu ve liberallerine yaranmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde \u00fcstlendi\u011fi bu su\u00e7u, birka\u00e7 temelsiz kavram\u0131 K\u00fcrt s\u00f6zl\u00fc\/yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat\u0131ndan \u00f6rneklerle bulay\u0131p yeniden \u00fcstlenmek, bilimin, tarihin, ger\u00e7e\u011fin ve \u201cs\u00f6z\u201d\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u00f6nemini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131m, yaz\u0131n\u0131n sonunda yine s\u00f6ze s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131yorum, ki ki\u015fisel hik\u00e2yem K\u00fcrtlerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun hik\u00e2yesiyle ayn\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ocuklu\u011fum, Zilan Katliam\u0131ndan sonra devletin ailemi yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Van Denizi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki bir Ermeni k\u00f6y\u00fcnde ge\u00e7ti. \u201cHa\u00e7karlar\u201d\u0131n aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fcm ve b\u00fcy\u00fck nenem N\u00fbr\u00ea, devletin milisi Siyahmed \u00c7avu\u015f\u2019un tand\u0131rlara att\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ermeni kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 her ekmek pi\u015firdi\u011finde anlat\u0131rd\u0131. Biz Serhat K\u00fcrtlerinin mutlaka uzak yak\u0131n bir dedesi veya nenesinin mezar\u0131 bug\u00fcn Rewan (Erivan) dolaylar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Dengb\u00eaj Reso\u2019nun 8 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken (1911) s\u00f6yledi\u011fi kilam\u2019da turna Erivan\u2019dan u\u00e7up I\u011fd\u0131r ovas\u0131ndaki k\u00f6ylere konar ve kanatlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcne bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan Erivan topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 getirir. S\u0131n\u0131rda ise ne mavi ne de k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kalemin izleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yaz\u0131n\u0131n orjinaline buradan ula\u015fa bilirsiniz: https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/forum\/2020\/04\/26\/efendinin-sucunu-ustlenmek-kurtler-ve-ermeni-soykirimi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde her y\u0131l olddu\u011fu gibi Ermeni ve K\u00fcrt ili\u015fkileri dekonusu oldu.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle son y\u0131llarda K\u00fcrtlerin i\u00e7indende bir ses K\u00fcrtleri katliam\u0131n sorumlusu gibi g\u00f6stermek e\u011filiminde. Elbette buna yan\u0131t veren K\u00fcrtler de var. K\u00fcrtlerin Ermeni soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131ndaki rol\u00fc nedir, ne de\u011fildir, K\u00fcrtleri su\u00e7layan iddialar ne kadar do\u011fru meselesine yan\u0131t veren K\u00fcrt ayd\u0131nlar\u0131ndan biri de Sedat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1014184,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-1014183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editorden","tag-onemli"],"blocksy_meta":[],"seo_head":"\n