Annaharar’da Irak’ta Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi ile I\u015e\u0130D sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda zor bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015fayan Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n dram\u0131 ile ilgili bir yaz\u0131 kaleme alan deneyimli Irakl\u0131 yazar Faruk Yusuf, I\u015e\u0130D’in kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furdu\u011funu, Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi’nin de I\u015e\u0130D gibi Irakl\u0131lara zulmetti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
I\u015e\u0130D Irak’ta yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeleri, Diyala ile Selahaddin aras\u0131nda bulunan askeri k\u0131\u015flay\u0131 hedef alan operasyonda aralar\u0131nda albay r\u00fctbesindeki \u00fcst d\u00fczey bir subay\u0131n da bulundu\u011fu \u00e7ok say\u0131da Irak askerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00fcrpriz sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131, askeri istihbarat servislerinin onu takip edemediklerini, hareketlerini izleyemediklerini ve daha sonra su\u00e7 operasyonlar\u0131na geri d\u00f6nmesini engelleyemediklerini kan\u0131tlad\u0131. Ancak bu bir olgudur ve \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn sonunun duyurulmas\u0131 ba\u015fka bir olgudur.<\/p>\n
Ter\u00f6rle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 bir koalisyona liderlik eden Amerikan g\u00fc\u00e7leri, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn nihai olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan bahsetme tuza\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmediler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n Irak topraklar\u0131ndaki varl\u0131klar\u0131, sona ermemesi gereken bu misyonla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm veriler, Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri’nin iki hedef do\u011frultusunda yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fruluyor. Tarikat\u0131n tehdit alt\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde sava\u015ft\u0131 ve sava\u015flar\u0131 Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kurban edilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D ile Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri aras\u0131nda masum sivilleri \u00f6ld\u00fcrme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 vard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n tek su\u00e7u, n\u00fcfuz konusunda ihtilafa d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckleri b\u00f6lgelerde ikamet etmeleriydi. Tecr\u00fcbelerin de g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, I\u015e\u0130D i\u015fgalinden kurtar\u0131lan \u015fehirler tamamen veya k\u0131smen Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7lerinin m\u00fclkiyetine ge\u00e7ti. Yani daha \u00f6nce I\u015e\u0130D taraf\u0131ndan yerinden edilen ancak geri d\u00f6nmeleri engellenen insanlar onlar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirdikten sonra geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerine kapat\u0131lan Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin el koydu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler var.<\/p>\n
Yoksullar I\u015e\u0130D’in pop\u00fcler \u00fcss\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n Irak G\u00f6\u00e7 ve Yerinden Edilme Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir milyondan fazla yerinden edilmi\u015f Irakl\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve art\u0131k tehlikeli b\u00f6lgelerde bulunmayan evlerine d\u00f6nmekten mahrum kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyor. Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri, \u0130ran’\u0131n \u0131srar\u0131 \u00fczerine m\u00fclklerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelen \u015fehirler konusunda a\u00e7\u0131k s\u00f6zl\u00fcyd\u00fc: “Onlar\u0131 unutun.” Peki sakinlerine ne olacak? Vatan\u0131nda ya\u015fama hakk\u0131ndan, yani kendi topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fama hakk\u0131ndan en alt d\u00fczeyde mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lanlar aras\u0131nda vatanda\u015fl\u0131k d\u00fczeyinin ne kadar geriledi\u011fini kimse d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemez. G<\/p>\n \u00f6\u00e7 ve Yerinden Edilme Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hassas konuyla ilgilenmiyor. Konu \u0130ran ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fi kapsam\u0131na girdi\u011fi s\u00fcrece h\u00fck\u00fcmetin de herhangi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yok. Irak bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak bu g\u00fcvenli\u011fin \u00f6nemli bir unsuru haline gelebilir. Ancak Irak’ta kolayca y\u0131k\u0131labilecek tedirgin g\u00fcvenlik sistemini endi\u015felendirecek pek \u00e7ok \u015fey olabilir.<\/p>\n Ger\u00e7ekte Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7lerinin kaybettikleri kazand\u0131klar\u0131ndan daha fazlayd\u0131. Toprak kazand\u0131 ancak Irak, I\u015e\u0130D’in pop\u00fcler taban\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmaya zorlanan n\u00fcfusun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc mensubunun Irak g\u00fc\u00e7lerini yenilgiye u\u011frat\u0131p Musul ve \u00e7evresini i\u015fgal etmesi, benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir olaya zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Uydurma bir oyunun par\u00e7as\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen I\u015e\u0130D’e kar\u015f\u0131 kazan\u0131lan zaferden \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda, Musul ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere S\u00fcnni \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirlerde ya\u015fayanlar, uygulanan politikalar nedeniyle \u00e7e\u015fitli tecrit, \u00f6tekile\u015ftirme ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lama bi\u00e7imlerine maruz kald\u0131lar. Nuri El Maliki h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bu politikalar\u0131, s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131, t\u00fcr\u00fc ne olursa olsun, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc alternatifi memnuniyetle kar\u015f\u0131lamaya y\u00f6neltti.<\/p>\n Antagonizma ama tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir ili\u015fki<\/strong><\/p>\n Resmi olarak dola\u015f\u0131ma girenlere d\u00f6necek olursak, I\u015e\u0130D’in Irak topraklar\u0131nda i\u015fgalci bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u015eiilerin en \u00fcst otoritesi Ali El Sistani’nin yeterli cihat fetvas\u0131 vermesinin ard\u0131ndan Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri’nin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama bu ger\u00e7e\u011fin bir k\u0131sm\u0131, tamam\u0131 de\u011fil. Ha\u015fdi \u015eabi’nin yap\u0131s\u0131, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda, yani I\u015e\u0130D’in ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan on y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, varl\u0131klar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcredir bilinen birle\u015fik bir askeri kurum \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde grupland\u0131r\u0131larak sahada silahl\u0131 eyleme ba\u015flayan bir grup \u015eii milisten olu\u015fuyor. bir nevi hukuki stat\u00fc verildi.<\/p>\n E\u011fer Sistani’nin fetvas\u0131, \u015eiiler i\u00e7in kutsal olan t\u00fcrbelerin I\u015e\u0130D taraf\u0131ndan kirletilebilece\u011fi endi\u015fesini i\u00e7eriyorsa, ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kendi devletinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in Bat\u0131 Irak’taki b\u00f6lgeleri i\u015fgal etmekle yetinmi\u015f demektir. Sistani’nin fetvas\u0131na g\u00f6re S\u00fcnni \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fa sahip ve onlar\u0131 Musul eyaletine ilhak ediyor. Yani I\u015e\u0130D kulu\u00e7ka merkezini bulmada bundan faydaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar kendi devletini kurarken mezhep meselesini bir kriter olarak dikkate almad\u0131.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri’nin kurulu\u015funun ard\u0131ndaki siyasi zihniyette de bu konu vard\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla iki taraf aras\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k, aralar\u0131ndaki tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 ili\u015fkiyi kapsamamaktad\u0131r. Her iki taraf\u0131n da Irak’\u0131n tarihi toplumsal dokusuyla hi\u00e7bir ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmasa da, her iki taraf\u0131n da gereklili\u011fini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in di\u011fer taraf\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 var. Irak, tarihi boyunca s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00fclkesi olmu\u015ftur ama yak\u0131n tarihi, i\u00e7 sava\u015f madeninin patlamas\u0131n\u0131 sab\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kla bekleyerek uyumad\u0131\u011f\u0131na da tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130ki d\u00fc\u015fman aras\u0131nda hizmet al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi<\/strong><\/p>\n I\u015e\u0130D’in ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ve Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri’nin kurulu\u015fundan \u00f6nceki olaylara d\u00f6nersek, bizi siyasi kompleksin \u00f6z\u00fcne g\u00f6t\u00fcren ipin ucunu kavrayabiliriz. O g\u00fcn Nuri El Maliki h\u00fck\u00fcmeti baz\u0131 vilayetlerdeki vatanda\u015flar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in milisleri serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve bu vilayetler bir t\u00fcr itaatsizlik ilan etti\u011finde I\u015e\u0130D bu itaatsizli\u011fi kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131yor ve onu ulusal yolundan sapt\u0131r\u0131yor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc. Bu tesad\u00fcfen olmad\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D’in icad\u0131 hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fman\u0131n ger\u00e7ek destekleri var.<\/p>\n Maliki h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin Irak’taki S\u00fcnnileri I\u015e\u0130D’e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmesi gerekiyordu ama daha da gerekli olan milislerin yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00fcniformas\u0131 giymeye ba\u015flamas\u0131yd\u0131. Bu anlamda I\u015e\u0130D yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 silahlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tesis etmesinde faydal\u0131 oldu. Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi G\u00fc\u00e7leri kurumu Irak h\u00fck\u00fcmeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Sistani’nin yeterli cihat fetvas\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, zaman zaman I\u015e\u0130D’in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 bu fetvan\u0131n uygulamaya devam etmesi i\u00e7in bask\u0131 yaratan bir fakt\u00f6r olu\u015fturuyor. Irak gibi may\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcmeye al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n bir \u00fclkede bu t\u00fcr hizmetlerin de\u011fi\u015fimi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Annaharar’da Irak’ta Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi ile I\u015e\u0130D sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda zor bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 ya\u015fayan Irakl\u0131lar\u0131n dram\u0131 ile ilgili bir yaz\u0131 kaleme alan deneyimli Irakl\u0131 yazar Faruk Yusuf, I\u015e\u0130D’in kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furdu\u011funu, Ha\u015fdi-\u015eabi’nin de I\u015e\u0130D gibi Irakl\u0131lara zulmetti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. I\u015e\u0130D Irak’ta yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fct \u00fcyeleri, Diyala ile Selahaddin aras\u0131nda bulunan askeri k\u0131\u015flay\u0131 hedef alan operasyonda aralar\u0131nda albay r\u00fctbesindeki \u00fcst […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1029689,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-1029688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ortadogu","tag-onemli"],"seo_head":"\n