K\u00fcrt tarihinin en \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rlerinden, A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 Komutan\u0131 \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ait bir el yazmas\u0131 bulundu.<\/p>\n
Bir koleksiyonerin Ankara\u2019da bir sahaftan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 beyannameyi inceleyen tarih\u00e7i Sedat Ulugana, belgenin y\u00fczde 99 oran\u0131nda \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n el yazmas\u0131 oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n
1928\u20131931 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin A\u011fr\u0131 Valisi \u0130brahim Ethem Ak\u0131nc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n terekesinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenilen beyannamede, \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa halka sesleniyor ve orduda bulunan K\u00fcrt askerlerin kendilerine teslim olmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
Xoyb\u00fbn ve devlet ayn\u0131 belgede<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n Belgenin, Ta\u015fnak ar\u015fivlerinde bulunan teyitli raporlarla yap\u0131lan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 analiz sonucunda, metnin A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 Genel Komutan\u0131 \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u015fahsi el yaz\u0131s\u0131 stilini birebir yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptan\u0131rken, ayn\u0131 zamanda devlet taraf\u0131ndan ele ge\u00e7irilip ar\u015fivlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 da \u00f6nemli bir fark\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece ilk kez devlet ve Xoyb\u00fbn m\u00fch\u00fcr ve i\u015faretleri ayn\u0131 belgede yer alm\u0131\u015f oluyor.<\/p>\n \u00dczerinde 11 Temmuz 1930 tarihi bulunan bu Xoyb\u00fbn Beyannamesi\u2019nin i\u00e7eri\u011findeki dini referanslar ise, Xoyb\u00fbn\u2019un sek\u00fcler bir hareket olmas\u0131 hasebiyle dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Beyannamede \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa, askerlerin ak\u0131n ak\u0131n kendilerine kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor ve hareketin genel hatlar\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lar elde etti\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n 2 A\u011fustos\u2019ta ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olmas\u0131yla, devletin o d\u00f6nem b\u00f6lgede kurdu\u011fu istihbarat a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fine de delil olan beyannamede \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa \u015f\u00f6yle sesleniyor:<\/p>\n Beyanname A\u011fr\u0131 (11 Temmuz) \u2026 Xoyb\u00fbn\u2026<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n Ciwata Welat\u00ea Kurda<\/p>\n Hew\u00earge 1<\/p>\n Muhterem ahali! Asker evlatlar\u0131m\u0131z,<\/p>\n Din-i m\u00fcbin \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131ran, namusumuzu paymal eden Ankara Cumhuriyeti, kendi zevk ve sefas\u0131, kendi \u015fahsi menfaatleri i\u00e7in o\u011flu babaya, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019a k\u0131rd\u0131r\u0131yor. Mustafa Kemal\u2019in zulm\u00fc ve (…) ar\u015fa dayand\u0131. Her taraftan kahraman m\u00fccahitlerimiz muvaffakiyet ile ilerliyor. Kalbinde iman\u0131 olan namusk\u00e2r asker, huruc huruc m\u00fccahitlerimize teslim oluyor. T\u00fcfeklerini din ve namus d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olan h\u00fck\u00fcmete \u00e7eviriyor. Maksad\u0131m\u0131z, be\u015f seneden beri devam eden i\u011fdi\u015fa\u015f\u0131 faideli neticeye ihsal etmek ve Allah\u2019\u0131n inayeti ile memlekette huzur ve refah\u0131 temin etmek, halk\u0131n mal, can, din ve namusunu muhafaza ettirmektir. Korkmay\u0131n ve teslim ettirin. Kanun-u \u015feriata itimat ve emr-i te\u015fkilata inkiyad\u0131n\u0131z halinde her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hukukunuz muhafaza olunacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Muhterem din-i \u0130slam umum ahali,<\/p>\n Xoyb\u00fbn cemiyetinin beyannamesini g\u00f6nderiyorum. Biz hepimiz din karde\u015fiyiz. Size peygamberin bahsini veriyorum (…), kimse dokunmayacakt\u0131r. Mal, can, \u0131rz ve namusunuzun muhafazas\u0131 i\u00e7in kat\u2019i emirler verilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcsterih olarak hanenizde oturunuz. \u0130n\u015fallah din ve namusunuz kurtulacakt\u0131r. Her t\u00fcrl\u00fc m\u00fcracaat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 m\u00fcd\u00fcriyete bildiriniz.<\/p>\n M\u00fch\u00fcr<\/p>\n (Muduriyeta Nahiyeya Axorik)<\/p>\n Y\u00fcksek akademik de\u011fere sahip belge<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n Belgenin nitelikleri itibar\u0131yla bir i\u00e7 yaz\u0131\u015fma oldu\u011funu ve paleografik \u00f6zellikleri, \u00fcslup ve i\u00e7erik yap\u0131s\u0131 itibar\u0131yla \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ait oldu\u011fu bilinen rapor ve yaz\u0131\u015fmalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, metnin do\u011frudan onun kaleminden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde kan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Sedat Ulugana, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n \u201cBelgenin \u00fcretim ve dola\u015f\u0131m s\u00fcrecine ili\u015fkin olarak, metnin temize \u00e7ekilmesi, m\u00fch\u00fcrlenerek resm\u00ee nitelik kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131larak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ma haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla, A\u011fr\u0131 Meclisi sekreterli\u011fi g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten Mela Sunullah\u2019a g\u00f6nderilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 y\u00fcksek bir olas\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, belgenin A\u011fr\u0131 direni\u015finin bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde asker\u00ee operasyonlar esnas\u0131nda ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 da tarihsel ba\u011flamla uyumlu g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.\u201d<\/p>\n Metnin tipik bir propaganda beyannamesi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve temel hedef kitlesinin kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n asker\u00ee unsurlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu, \u00f6zellikle teslim olmaya te\u015fvik etme, moral bozma ve psikolojik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme yaratma amac\u0131 g\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6zlerine ekleyen Ulugana, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n \u201cBu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle belge, d\u00f6nemin sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bilin\u00e7li bi\u00e7imde kurgulanm\u0131\u015f bir psikolojik harp arac\u0131 olarak okunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Belgenin tarihsel ba\u011flam\u0131 da bunu desteklemektedir. Zira Temmuz 1930 itibar\u0131yla Zilan muhitinde vah\u015fi bir katliam s\u00fcrerken, A\u011fr\u0131 Da\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi e\u015fzamanl\u0131 olarak yo\u011fun bir asker\u00ee ku\u015fatma alt\u0131ndayd\u0131. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00fcretilmi\u015f bir metnin asker\u00ee ve psikolojik etki yaratmaya d\u00f6n\u00fck bir propaganda metni olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6rmesi, d\u00f6nemin A\u011fr\u0131 direni\u015f heyetinin siyasal ve asker\u00ee stratejileriyle do\u011frudan ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n \u00d6zetle bu belgeyi, K\u00fcrt tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc siyasal bilin\u00e7, sava\u015f ve propaganda pratikleri, Zilan\u2013A\u011fr\u0131 direni\u015flerinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fi, K\u00fcrt \u00f6nc\u00fclerinin ve direni\u015f pratiklerinin \u00f6znele\u015fmesi, alternatif K\u00fcrt ar\u015fiv \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gibi alanlar\u0131 do\u011frudan besleyen, y\u00fcksek akademik de\u011fere sahip bir birincil kaynak olarak de\u011ferlendirebiliriz.\u201d<\/p>\n Belge, A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sadece bir a\u015firet kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tl\u0131yor<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n bu beyannamesini Ankara\u2019da bir sahaftan \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sat\u0131n alan ve isminin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyen koleksiyoner ise konuya dair R\u00fbdaw\u2019a yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmede, elinde ba\u015fka belgeler de oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n Koleksiyoner, bunlar aras\u0131nda bilinenlerden eski bir Ehmed\u00ea Xan\u00ee eseri el yazmas\u0131 kopyas\u0131n\u0131n da bulundu\u011funu ifade ederek \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n \u201cBelge, A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sadece bir a\u015firet kalk\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan iki somut veri sunmaktad\u0131r. Metindeki \u2018be\u015f seneden beri devam eden i\u011fdi\u015fa\u015f\u2019 ifadesi, do\u011frudan 1925 \u015eeyh Said \u0130syan\u0131\u2019na bir at\u0131ft\u0131r. \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa, A\u011fr\u0131\u2019daki m\u00fccadeleyi 1925\u2019te ba\u015flayan s\u00fcrecin me\u015fru bir devam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Belgenin alt\u0131nda yer alan ve elle \u00e7izilerek kopyalanan \u2018Muduriyeta Nahiyeya Axorik\u2019 (Axorik Nahiye M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) m\u00fchr\u00fc, isyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015ffidir. Axorik (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Do\u011fubayaz\u0131t Yenido\u011fan k\u00f6y\u00fc), isyan\u0131n kalbinde stratejik bir noktad\u0131r. Bu m\u00fch\u00fcr, Xoyb\u00fbn\u2019un ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerde sadece asker\u00ee de\u011fil, sivil bir idari yap\u0131 (nahiye m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckleri) kurdu\u011funu fiziksel olarak belgeleyen yeg\u00e2ne kan\u0131tlardan biridir.<\/p>\n Bu vesikay\u0131 e\u015fsiz k\u0131lan, iki kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00fcc\u00fcn ayn\u0131 k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tta bulu\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6n y\u00fczde (isyan): 11 Temmuz\u2019da da\u011fdaki karargahta yaz\u0131lan devrimci bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 ve bir \u2018devletle\u015fme\u2019 iddias\u0131 yer al\u0131rken, arka y\u00fczde ise 2 A\u011fustos\u2019ta ele ge\u00e7irilip \u2018Bayaz\u0131t Vilayetine\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u2018Telgraf\u2019 olarak raporlanan bir devlet kayd\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrk memurunun, ele ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bildirideki m\u00fch\u00fcrleri (G\u00fcne\u015f ve Da\u011f fig\u00fcrl\u00fc m\u00fch\u00fcr) dahi k\u00e2\u011f\u0131da aynen \u00e7izerek kopyalam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin bu hareketi ne kadar ciddi bir \u2018idari tehdit\u2019 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve her detay\u0131n\u0131 ar\u015fivledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.\u201d<\/p>\n Kaynak: Rudaw<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" K\u00fcrt tarihinin en \u00f6nemli akt\u00f6rlerinden, A\u011fr\u0131 \u0130syan\u0131 Komutan\u0131 \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019ya ait bir el yazmas\u0131 bulundu. Bir koleksiyonerin Ankara\u2019da bir sahaftan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 beyannameyi inceleyen tarih\u00e7i Sedat Ulugana, belgenin y\u00fczde 99 oran\u0131nda \u0130hsan Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n el yazmas\u0131 oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti. 1928\u20131931 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin A\u011fr\u0131 Valisi \u0130brahim Ethem Ak\u0131nc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n terekesinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenilen beyannamede, \u0130hsan Nuri […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1035983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[31],"class_list":["post-1035981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ozel-dosya","tag-onemli"],"blocksy_meta":[],"seo_head":"\n